Bone morphogenetic protein-4 control of pituitary pathophysiology
Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4), a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family, is overexpressed in different prolactinoma models and induces the development of these lineage adenomas. SMAD proteins activated by growth factors of the TGF-β and BMP family interact with estrogen rec...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | SER |
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| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_03013073_v35_n_p22_Giacomini |
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| Sumario: | Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4), a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family, is overexpressed in different prolactinoma models and induces the development of these lineage adenomas. SMAD proteins activated by growth factors of the TGF-β and BMP family interact with estrogen receptors to stimulate the proliferation of prolactin and growth hormone-secreting cells. Furthermore, BMP-4 presents differential expression in normal and adenomatous corticotropes and inhibitory action on corticotropinoma cell proliferation. Moreover, BMP-4 mediates the antiproliferative action of retinoic acid in these cells. The present review highlights not only the crucial and opposite role of BMP-4 in the progression of pituitary adenomas but also that BMP-4 and retinoic acid interaction might serve as a potential new mechanism target for therapeutic approaches for Cushing disease. Copyright © 2006 S. Karger AG. |
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