Direct Dates and mtDNA of Late Pleistocene Human Skeletons from South America: A Comment on Chatters et al. (2014)

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In a recent paper in the journal Science (2014, Vol.344, pp. 750?754), J. Chatters et al. present a new early human skeleton from the Yucatan, Mexico, considering it in the context of eight other early Paleoamerican individuals all from North America that previously yielded ancient genetic evidence...

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Autores principales: Jackson, Donald, Mendez, Cesar, de Saint Pierre, Michelle, Aspillaga, Eugenio, Politis, Gustavo Gabriel
Formato: Artículo publishedVersion
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Routledge 2015
Materias:
LATE PLEISTOCENE
HUMAN SKELETONS
SOUTH AMERICA
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/11336/141663
http://suquia.ffyh.unc.edu.ar/handle/11336/141663
Aporte de:
Suquía - Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR, CONICET y UNC) de Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
id I10-R181-11336-141663
record_format dspace
institution Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
institution_str I-10
repository_str R-181
collection Suquía - Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR, CONICET y UNC)
language Inglés
topic LATE PLEISTOCENE
HUMAN SKELETONS
SOUTH AMERICA
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6
spellingShingle LATE PLEISTOCENE
HUMAN SKELETONS
SOUTH AMERICA
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6
Jackson, Donald
Mendez, Cesar
de Saint Pierre, Michelle
Aspillaga, Eugenio
Politis, Gustavo Gabriel
Direct Dates and mtDNA of Late Pleistocene Human Skeletons from South America: A Comment on Chatters et al. (2014)
topic_facet LATE PLEISTOCENE
HUMAN SKELETONS
SOUTH AMERICA
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6
description In a recent paper in the journal Science (2014, Vol.344, pp. 750?754), J. Chatters et al. present a new early human skeleton from the Yucatan, Mexico, considering it in the context of eight other early Paleoamerican individuals all from North America that previously yielded ancient genetic evidence and/or direct radiocarbon ages. Despite including the archaeological site of Monte Verde II, Chile, in their discussion, we were alarmed that the authors otherwise ignored the South American record, presenting a map with the southern continent being devoid of PaleoAmerican human remains. We felt it important to remind our colleagues that South America has produced numerous directly dated human skeletal remains that are as old as the ones cited by Chatters et al. for North America, and that several of these have actually yielded mitochondrial (mt) DNA. Significant implications can be derived from this radiocarbon, bioanthropological, and mtDNA dataset, especially considering the antiquity of the earliest human populations and process of peopling of the New World. Undoubtedly, the remains recovered from Hoyo Negro (HN5/48) cave by Chatters et al. constitute a significant archaeological discovery, considering how elusive and incomplete early skeletal material for the Americas is. The remains were recovered from an ancient cavern that was available to humans before the end of the Pleistocene, before Postglacial sealevel rise. Fresh bone fractures on the individual suggest a death due to a fall when the cavern was filled with shallow water. Consequently, the Hoyo Negro human skeleton represents a bone assemblage deposited naturally, in a palimpsest with remains of other species that accumulated at different times. As the authors discuss, radiocarbon and uranium?thorium dates on human teeth and bones, extinct faunal remains, and calcite speleothems together indicate the human remains were deposited by 12,000?13,000 cal yr BP. However, the absence of associated cultural remains limits the interpretive value of this significant discovery.Other skeletal remains have been recovered in a nearby flooded cave system known as Cenote Naharon, by a team led by A. González. Among them is a human femur radiocarbon dated to about 13,500 cal yr BP according to its amino-acid fraction, but this date has yet to be replicated, underscoring the problematic nature of dating organic material in these submerged cavern systems. In South America, there are now 23 direct dates on 21 individuals from 13 sites that have yielded ages older than 10,000 cal yr BP (Table 1, Figure 1; for references see ?Suggested Reading? after the editorial, as well as the report by L. Menendez et al. in this issue of PaleoAmerica). Among them, four sites have produced direct dates older than 12,000 cal yr BP: Los Rieles in the semiarid north of Chile, Arroyo de Frías in the Pampean region of Argentina, Gruta de Candonga in the Sierra de Córdoba of Argentina, and Toca do Gordo do Garrincho in northeastern Brazil.
format Artículo
Artículo
publishedVersion
author Jackson, Donald
Mendez, Cesar
de Saint Pierre, Michelle
Aspillaga, Eugenio
Politis, Gustavo Gabriel
author_facet Jackson, Donald
Mendez, Cesar
de Saint Pierre, Michelle
Aspillaga, Eugenio
Politis, Gustavo Gabriel
author_sort Jackson, Donald
title Direct Dates and mtDNA of Late Pleistocene Human Skeletons from South America: A Comment on Chatters et al. (2014)
title_short Direct Dates and mtDNA of Late Pleistocene Human Skeletons from South America: A Comment on Chatters et al. (2014)
title_full Direct Dates and mtDNA of Late Pleistocene Human Skeletons from South America: A Comment on Chatters et al. (2014)
title_fullStr Direct Dates and mtDNA of Late Pleistocene Human Skeletons from South America: A Comment on Chatters et al. (2014)
title_full_unstemmed Direct Dates and mtDNA of Late Pleistocene Human Skeletons from South America: A Comment on Chatters et al. (2014)
title_sort direct dates and mtdna of late pleistocene human skeletons from south america: a comment on chatters et al. (2014)
publisher Routledge
publishDate 2015
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/141663
http://suquia.ffyh.unc.edu.ar/handle/11336/141663
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