China's Failure and the Rise of the West in the Modern Age: A Geopolitical Approach

This paper aims to analyze why Imperial China did not attain world supremacy in modern times comparedto Occidental civilization in the same historical period. First, this study goes through the main bibliographical contributions made by different authors from different perspectives to clarify this q...

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Autor principal: Vidal Pérez, Esteban
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Centro de Estudios Avanzados. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. 2022
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Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/revesint/article/view/37031
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spelling I10-R306-article-370312025-09-08T15:24:08Z China's Failure and the Rise of the West in the Modern Age: A Geopolitical Approach El fracaso de China y el auge de Occidente en la época moderna: un enfoque geopolítico Vidal Pérez, Esteban China Geopolítica Fragmentación geopolítica Orden imperial Organización del espacio China Geopolitics Geopolitical fragmentation Imperial order Space organization This paper aims to analyze why Imperial China did not attain world supremacy in modern times comparedto Occidental civilization in the same historical period. First, this study goes through the main bibliographical contributions made by different authors from different perspectives to clarify this question. Next, it presents the theoretical framework based on structural realism and neoclassical realism analytic tools. In addition to this, it explains how geopolitics is used to contrast the hypothesis presented. In this respect, it examines how space organization in the international and domestic spheres influenced the historical development of China. The absence of geopolitical fragmentation created a peaceful international environment without any serious threat to China’s security. As a result, there was no stimulus to change inner political structures in order to increase State revenues to invest in military expenditures and boost technological innovation. For this reason, China lagged behind Occidental powers. Nevertheless, western Europe enjoyed high geopolitical fragmentation, which stirred up warfare and political change to strengthen military power,ultimately leading to military revolutions and western world domination. Este artículo pretende analizar por qué el imperio chino no alcanzó la supremacía mundial en la época moderna en comparación con la civilización occidental durante el mismo período histórico. En primer lugar, este estudio repasa las principales aportaciones bibliográficas hechas por diferentes autores desde distintas perspectivas para aclarar esta cuestión. En segundo lugar, presenta el marco teórico basado en las herramientas de análisis del realismo estructural y del realismo neoclásico. Junto a esto, explica cómo es utilizada la geopolítica para contrastar la hipótesis planteada. En lo que a esto se refiere, el artículo examina la forma en la que la organización del espacio en las esferas doméstica e internacional influyó en el desarrollo histórico de China. La ausencia de fragmentación geopolítica creó un entorno internacional pacífico sin amenazas importantes para la seguridad de China. Como consecuencia de esto no existieron estímulos para cambiar las estructuras políticas internas para aumentar los ingresos del Estado con los que invertir en el gasto militar e impulsar la innovación tecnológica. Por este motivo, China quedó rezagada respecto a las potencias occidentales. Sin embargo, Europa occidental disfrutó de una elevada fragmentación geopolítica que impulsó la guerra y el cambio político para fortalecer el poder militar, lo que en última instancia condujo a las revoluciones militares y a la dominación mundial de Occidente. Centro de Estudios Avanzados. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. 2022-03-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/revesint/article/view/37031 1991. Revista de Estudios Internacionales; Vol. 3 Núm. 2 (2021): Temática libre. Julio-Diciembre 2021; 85-101 2683-720X spa https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/revesint/article/view/37031/37315 Derechos de autor 2022 1991. Revista de Estudios Internacionales https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
institution Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
institution_str I-10
repository_str R-306
container_title_str 1991. Revista de Estudios Internacionales
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic China
Geopolítica
Fragmentación geopolítica
Orden imperial
Organización del espacio
China
Geopolitics
Geopolitical fragmentation
Imperial order
Space organization
spellingShingle China
Geopolítica
Fragmentación geopolítica
Orden imperial
Organización del espacio
China
Geopolitics
Geopolitical fragmentation
Imperial order
Space organization
Vidal Pérez, Esteban
China's Failure and the Rise of the West in the Modern Age: A Geopolitical Approach
topic_facet China
Geopolítica
Fragmentación geopolítica
Orden imperial
Organización del espacio
China
Geopolitics
Geopolitical fragmentation
Imperial order
Space organization
author Vidal Pérez, Esteban
author_facet Vidal Pérez, Esteban
author_sort Vidal Pérez, Esteban
title China's Failure and the Rise of the West in the Modern Age: A Geopolitical Approach
title_short China's Failure and the Rise of the West in the Modern Age: A Geopolitical Approach
title_full China's Failure and the Rise of the West in the Modern Age: A Geopolitical Approach
title_fullStr China's Failure and the Rise of the West in the Modern Age: A Geopolitical Approach
title_full_unstemmed China's Failure and the Rise of the West in the Modern Age: A Geopolitical Approach
title_sort china's failure and the rise of the west in the modern age: a geopolitical approach
description This paper aims to analyze why Imperial China did not attain world supremacy in modern times comparedto Occidental civilization in the same historical period. First, this study goes through the main bibliographical contributions made by different authors from different perspectives to clarify this question. Next, it presents the theoretical framework based on structural realism and neoclassical realism analytic tools. In addition to this, it explains how geopolitics is used to contrast the hypothesis presented. In this respect, it examines how space organization in the international and domestic spheres influenced the historical development of China. The absence of geopolitical fragmentation created a peaceful international environment without any serious threat to China’s security. As a result, there was no stimulus to change inner political structures in order to increase State revenues to invest in military expenditures and boost technological innovation. For this reason, China lagged behind Occidental powers. Nevertheless, western Europe enjoyed high geopolitical fragmentation, which stirred up warfare and political change to strengthen military power,ultimately leading to military revolutions and western world domination.
publisher Centro de Estudios Avanzados. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba.
publishDate 2022
url https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/revesint/article/view/37031
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