Populism as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism

Populism can be defined as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism. In Western Europe, this process materialized after 1989, while in Latin America populism was applied before 1989. Populism is based on: a Manichean ideology with a binary cosmology of the world; the expansion of the publ...

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Autor principal: Fossati, Fabio
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Universidad Nacional de Rosario 2020
Materias:
Populismo
Patrimonialismo
América Latina
Régimen Híbrido
Democracia Iliberal
Populism
Patrimonialism
Latin America
Hybrid Regime
Illiberal Democracy
Acceso en línea:https://relasp.unr.edu.ar/index.php/revista/article/view/39
Aporte de:
RELASP de Universidad Nacional de Rosario
id I15-R205-article-39
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spelling I15-R205-article-392022-03-30T17:02:05Z Populism as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism Fossati, Fabio Populismo Patrimonialismo América Latina Régimen Híbrido Democracia Iliberal Populism Patrimonialism Latin America Hybrid Regime Illiberal Democracy Populism can be defined as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism. In Western Europe, this process materialized after 1989, while in Latin America populism was applied before 1989. Populism is based on: a Manichean ideology with a binary cosmology of the world; the expansion of the public expenditure with damaging effects (high inflation rates) on the economy; charismatic leaders making plebiscitary appeals to the population, with a limited role of intermediate actors (interests groups or parties) and institutions; a high mobilization process from above leading to a movimientismo of the lower sectors of the population. The four cases of orthodox macro-economic populism were: Peron in Argentina, Allende in Chile, Garcia in Peru, and Chavez/Maduro in Venezuela. In partial populism, there is plebiscitarianism, but the increase of the public expenditure and of the inflation rate remains under control (Syriza, Movimento 5 Stelle, Correa, Morales, and Cristina Kirchner). Orthodox populism has always had negative consequences in politics, leading to authoritarian regimes, increased conflict and military coups; instead, partial populism has never endangered democracy and is usually coupled with hybrid/illiberal regimes. The political cultures of the right are not populist, because there is not the increase of public expenditure, but there is plebiscitarianism. Antes de definir el populismo, es importante identificar las principales culturas políticas en las democracias contemporáneas occidentales. Las culturas políticas pueden definirse como conjuntos coherentes de ideologías, que están “un tanto” (es decir, de una manera diferente) vinculadas a la promoción de ciertos intereses. La forma concreta en que se vinculan las ideas y los intereses depende de la cultura política particular y no puede seleccionarse de manera abstracta para todos ellos (ver más abajo). ¿Cuáles son las principales culturas políticas occidentales contemporáneas? Hay dos enfoques para responder esta pregunta. El enfoque de los divisores es elaborar una clasificación (o tipología) de las ideologías de los partidos. La lista será larga, porque estos instrumentos analíticos deben ser exhaustivos. En cambio, el enfoque de los lumpers es el de idear modelos, es decir, los tipos ideales de Weber; la lista será mucho más corta, porque esas categorías no son exhaustivas e identifican solo aquellos comportamientos que obedecen a condiciones de simplicidad y coherencia. Los modelos se han utilizado con mayor frecuencia en la fase “moderna” de las ciencias humanas (1950 y 1960), y fueron aplicados especialmente por la escuela italiana de ciencias políticas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario 2020-06-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://relasp.unr.edu.ar/index.php/revista/article/view/39 10.35305/rr.v1i1.39 Revista Euro latinoamericana de Análisis Social y Político (RELASP); Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2020); 87-104 2683-7420 eng https://relasp.unr.edu.ar/index.php/revista/article/view/39/58 https://relasp.unr.edu.ar/index.php/revista/article/view/39/60 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
institution Universidad Nacional de Rosario
institution_str I-15
repository_str R-205
container_title_str RELASP
language Inglés
format Artículo revista
topic Populismo
Patrimonialismo
América Latina
Régimen Híbrido
Democracia Iliberal
Populism
Patrimonialism
Latin America
Hybrid Regime
Illiberal Democracy
spellingShingle Populismo
Patrimonialismo
América Latina
Régimen Híbrido
Democracia Iliberal
Populism
Patrimonialism
Latin America
Hybrid Regime
Illiberal Democracy
Fossati, Fabio
Populism as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism
topic_facet Populismo
Patrimonialismo
América Latina
Régimen Híbrido
Democracia Iliberal
Populism
Patrimonialism
Latin America
Hybrid Regime
Illiberal Democracy
author Fossati, Fabio
author_facet Fossati, Fabio
author_sort Fossati, Fabio
title Populism as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism
title_short Populism as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism
title_full Populism as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism
title_fullStr Populism as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism
title_full_unstemmed Populism as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism
title_sort populism as the post-marxist adaptation of leftist manicheanism
description Populism can be defined as the post-Marxist adaptation of leftist Manicheanism. In Western Europe, this process materialized after 1989, while in Latin America populism was applied before 1989. Populism is based on: a Manichean ideology with a binary cosmology of the world; the expansion of the public expenditure with damaging effects (high inflation rates) on the economy; charismatic leaders making plebiscitary appeals to the population, with a limited role of intermediate actors (interests groups or parties) and institutions; a high mobilization process from above leading to a movimientismo of the lower sectors of the population. The four cases of orthodox macro-economic populism were: Peron in Argentina, Allende in Chile, Garcia in Peru, and Chavez/Maduro in Venezuela. In partial populism, there is plebiscitarianism, but the increase of the public expenditure and of the inflation rate remains under control (Syriza, Movimento 5 Stelle, Correa, Morales, and Cristina Kirchner). Orthodox populism has always had negative consequences in politics, leading to authoritarian regimes, increased conflict and military coups; instead, partial populism has never endangered democracy and is usually coupled with hybrid/illiberal regimes. The political cultures of the right are not populist, because there is not the increase of public expenditure, but there is plebiscitarianism.
publisher Universidad Nacional de Rosario
publishDate 2020
url https://relasp.unr.edu.ar/index.php/revista/article/view/39
work_keys_str_mv AT fossatifabio populismasthepostmarxistadaptationofleftistmanicheanism
first_indexed 2023-05-11T18:46:13Z
last_indexed 2023-05-11T18:46:13Z
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