Molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from South Africa and China (Coleoptera: Aspidytidae)

The superfamily Dytiscoidea contains six families with an aquatic lifestyle, with most of its extant diversity in two families: the burrowing water beetles (Noteridae) and the diving beetles (Dytiscidae). The other families have few species (up to six) and generally highly disjunct extant distributi...

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Autores principales: Toussaint, E.F.A., Beutel, R.G., Morinière, J., Jia, F., Xu, S., Michat, M.C., Zhou, X., Bilton, D.T., Ribera, I., Hájek, J., Balke, M.
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Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00244082_v176_n3_p537_Toussaint
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spelling todo:paper_00244082_v176_n3_p537_Toussaint2023-10-03T14:35:09Z Molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from South Africa and China (Coleoptera: Aspidytidae) Toussaint, E.F.A. Beutel, R.G. Morinière, J. Jia, F. Xu, S. Michat, M.C. Zhou, X. Bilton, D.T. Ribera, I. Hájek, J. Balke, M. Aquatic Adephaga Aspidytes Dytiscoidea Sinaspidytes gen. nov The superfamily Dytiscoidea contains six families with an aquatic lifestyle, with most of its extant diversity in two families: the burrowing water beetles (Noteridae) and the diving beetles (Dytiscidae). The other families have few species (up to six) and generally highly disjunct extant distributions. Aspidytidae currently contains one genus with two species, one in China and one in South Africa. Here we provide the first molecular data for the Chinese species, allowing us to explore the phylogenetic relationships and position of both species of this small family for the first time. Based on a matrix of 11 genes we inferred a phylogenetic hypothesis for Dytiscoidea including all extant families. Unexpectedly, Aspidytidae were consistently recovered as paraphyletic relative to Amphizoidae, despite being well characterized by apparently synapomorphic adult features. A re-examination of larval characters in the two aspidytid species revealed that the larva of the Chinese species is strikingly similar to that of Amphizoidae. Both share a series of plesiomorphic features but also some potential synapomorphies, including a dense vestiture of short setae on the head capsule, anteriorly shifted posterior tentorial grooves and widely separated labial palps. Arguably these features may belong to the groundplan of the clade Aspidytidae+Amphizoidae, with far-reaching secondary modifications (including reversals) in the South African Aspidytes niobe. At present we retain the family Aspidytidae, however, due to the strong adult morphological synapomorphies of the two extant species, and the fact that the molecular paraphyly of the family may result from the highly divergent nature of the two extant species. This long evolutionary separation and strong divergence, in terms of gene sequences and larval features, is undeniable, substantial levels of saturation in third codon positions of protein-coding genes being present between the two taxa. We address this issue taxonomically by introducing the new genus Sinaspidytes gen. nov. for the Chinese Aspidytes wrasei. The continued contentious relationships amongst Dytiscidae, Hygrobiidae, Aspidytidae and Amphizoidae highlight the need for more data to address dytiscoid phylogenetics, possibly involving a genomic approach. © 2016 The Linnean Society of London. Fil:Michat, M.C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00244082_v176_n3_p537_Toussaint
institution Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str I-28
repository_str R-134
collection Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
topic Aquatic Adephaga
Aspidytes
Dytiscoidea
Sinaspidytes gen. nov
spellingShingle Aquatic Adephaga
Aspidytes
Dytiscoidea
Sinaspidytes gen. nov
Toussaint, E.F.A.
Beutel, R.G.
Morinière, J.
Jia, F.
Xu, S.
Michat, M.C.
Zhou, X.
Bilton, D.T.
Ribera, I.
Hájek, J.
Balke, M.
Molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from South Africa and China (Coleoptera: Aspidytidae)
topic_facet Aquatic Adephaga
Aspidytes
Dytiscoidea
Sinaspidytes gen. nov
description The superfamily Dytiscoidea contains six families with an aquatic lifestyle, with most of its extant diversity in two families: the burrowing water beetles (Noteridae) and the diving beetles (Dytiscidae). The other families have few species (up to six) and generally highly disjunct extant distributions. Aspidytidae currently contains one genus with two species, one in China and one in South Africa. Here we provide the first molecular data for the Chinese species, allowing us to explore the phylogenetic relationships and position of both species of this small family for the first time. Based on a matrix of 11 genes we inferred a phylogenetic hypothesis for Dytiscoidea including all extant families. Unexpectedly, Aspidytidae were consistently recovered as paraphyletic relative to Amphizoidae, despite being well characterized by apparently synapomorphic adult features. A re-examination of larval characters in the two aspidytid species revealed that the larva of the Chinese species is strikingly similar to that of Amphizoidae. Both share a series of plesiomorphic features but also some potential synapomorphies, including a dense vestiture of short setae on the head capsule, anteriorly shifted posterior tentorial grooves and widely separated labial palps. Arguably these features may belong to the groundplan of the clade Aspidytidae+Amphizoidae, with far-reaching secondary modifications (including reversals) in the South African Aspidytes niobe. At present we retain the family Aspidytidae, however, due to the strong adult morphological synapomorphies of the two extant species, and the fact that the molecular paraphyly of the family may result from the highly divergent nature of the two extant species. This long evolutionary separation and strong divergence, in terms of gene sequences and larval features, is undeniable, substantial levels of saturation in third codon positions of protein-coding genes being present between the two taxa. We address this issue taxonomically by introducing the new genus Sinaspidytes gen. nov. for the Chinese Aspidytes wrasei. The continued contentious relationships amongst Dytiscidae, Hygrobiidae, Aspidytidae and Amphizoidae highlight the need for more data to address dytiscoid phylogenetics, possibly involving a genomic approach. © 2016 The Linnean Society of London.
format JOUR
author Toussaint, E.F.A.
Beutel, R.G.
Morinière, J.
Jia, F.
Xu, S.
Michat, M.C.
Zhou, X.
Bilton, D.T.
Ribera, I.
Hájek, J.
Balke, M.
author_facet Toussaint, E.F.A.
Beutel, R.G.
Morinière, J.
Jia, F.
Xu, S.
Michat, M.C.
Zhou, X.
Bilton, D.T.
Ribera, I.
Hájek, J.
Balke, M.
author_sort Toussaint, E.F.A.
title Molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from South Africa and China (Coleoptera: Aspidytidae)
title_short Molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from South Africa and China (Coleoptera: Aspidytidae)
title_full Molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from South Africa and China (Coleoptera: Aspidytidae)
title_fullStr Molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from South Africa and China (Coleoptera: Aspidytidae)
title_full_unstemmed Molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from South Africa and China (Coleoptera: Aspidytidae)
title_sort molecular phylogeny of the highly disjunct cliff water beetles from south africa and china (coleoptera: aspidytidae)
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00244082_v176_n3_p537_Toussaint
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