A commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts
Glyphosate-based herbicides are extensively used for weed control all over the world. Therefore, it is important to investigate the putative toxic effects of these formulations which include not only glyphosate itself but also surfactants that may also be toxic. 3T3-L1 fibroblasts are a useful tool...
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todo:paper_08872333_v26_n6_p1007_Martini2023-10-03T15:40:48Z A commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts Martini, C.N. Gabrielli, M. Vila, M.D.C. 3T3-L1 fibroblasts Apoptosis Differentiation Glyphosate formulation Proliferation caspase 3 glyphosate lipocortin 5 adipocyte antiproliferative activity apoptosis article cell damage cell death cell differentiation cell survival concentration response controlled study cytotoxicity enzyme activity fibroblast flow cytometry mammal cell 3T3 Cells Adipocytes Animals Apoptosis Caspase 3 Cell Differentiation Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Fibroblasts Glycine Herbicides Mice Mammalia Glyphosate-based herbicides are extensively used for weed control all over the world. Therefore, it is important to investigate the putative toxic effects of these formulations which include not only glyphosate itself but also surfactants that may also be toxic. 3T3-L1 fibroblasts are a useful tool to study adipocyte differentiation, this cell line can be induced to differentiate by addition of a differentiation mixture containing insulin, dexamethasone and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. We used this cell line to investigate the effect of a commercial formulation of glyphosate (GF) on proliferation, survival and differentiation. It was found that treatment of exponentially growing cells with GF for 48. h inhibited proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with GF dilution 1:2000 during 24 or 48. h inhibited proliferation and increased cell death, as evaluated by trypan blue-exclusion, in a time-dependent manner. We showed that treatment of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts with GF increased caspase-3 like activity and annexin-V positive cells as evaluated by flow cytometric analysis, which are both indicative of induction of apoptosis. It was also found that after the removal of GF, remaining cells were able to restore proliferation. On the other hand, GF treatment severely inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts to adipocytes. According to our results, a glyphosate-based herbicide inhibits proliferation and differentiation in this mammalian cell line and induces apoptosis suggesting GF-mediated cellular damage. Thus, GF is a potential risk factor for human health and the environment. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. Fil:Martini, C.N. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Gabrielli, M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Vila, M.D.C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_08872333_v26_n6_p1007_Martini |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
3T3-L1 fibroblasts Apoptosis Differentiation Glyphosate formulation Proliferation caspase 3 glyphosate lipocortin 5 adipocyte antiproliferative activity apoptosis article cell damage cell death cell differentiation cell survival concentration response controlled study cytotoxicity enzyme activity fibroblast flow cytometry mammal cell 3T3 Cells Adipocytes Animals Apoptosis Caspase 3 Cell Differentiation Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Fibroblasts Glycine Herbicides Mice Mammalia |
| spellingShingle |
3T3-L1 fibroblasts Apoptosis Differentiation Glyphosate formulation Proliferation caspase 3 glyphosate lipocortin 5 adipocyte antiproliferative activity apoptosis article cell damage cell death cell differentiation cell survival concentration response controlled study cytotoxicity enzyme activity fibroblast flow cytometry mammal cell 3T3 Cells Adipocytes Animals Apoptosis Caspase 3 Cell Differentiation Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Fibroblasts Glycine Herbicides Mice Mammalia Martini, C.N. Gabrielli, M. Vila, M.D.C. A commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts |
| topic_facet |
3T3-L1 fibroblasts Apoptosis Differentiation Glyphosate formulation Proliferation caspase 3 glyphosate lipocortin 5 adipocyte antiproliferative activity apoptosis article cell damage cell death cell differentiation cell survival concentration response controlled study cytotoxicity enzyme activity fibroblast flow cytometry mammal cell 3T3 Cells Adipocytes Animals Apoptosis Caspase 3 Cell Differentiation Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Fibroblasts Glycine Herbicides Mice Mammalia |
| description |
Glyphosate-based herbicides are extensively used for weed control all over the world. Therefore, it is important to investigate the putative toxic effects of these formulations which include not only glyphosate itself but also surfactants that may also be toxic. 3T3-L1 fibroblasts are a useful tool to study adipocyte differentiation, this cell line can be induced to differentiate by addition of a differentiation mixture containing insulin, dexamethasone and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. We used this cell line to investigate the effect of a commercial formulation of glyphosate (GF) on proliferation, survival and differentiation. It was found that treatment of exponentially growing cells with GF for 48. h inhibited proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with GF dilution 1:2000 during 24 or 48. h inhibited proliferation and increased cell death, as evaluated by trypan blue-exclusion, in a time-dependent manner. We showed that treatment of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts with GF increased caspase-3 like activity and annexin-V positive cells as evaluated by flow cytometric analysis, which are both indicative of induction of apoptosis. It was also found that after the removal of GF, remaining cells were able to restore proliferation. On the other hand, GF treatment severely inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts to adipocytes. According to our results, a glyphosate-based herbicide inhibits proliferation and differentiation in this mammalian cell line and induces apoptosis suggesting GF-mediated cellular damage. Thus, GF is a potential risk factor for human health and the environment. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Martini, C.N. Gabrielli, M. Vila, M.D.C. |
| author_facet |
Martini, C.N. Gabrielli, M. Vila, M.D.C. |
| author_sort |
Martini, C.N. |
| title |
A commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts |
| title_short |
A commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts |
| title_full |
A commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts |
| title_fullStr |
A commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts |
| title_sort |
commercial formulation of glyphosate inhibits proliferation and differentiation to adipocytes and induces apoptosis in 3t3-l1 fibroblasts |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_08872333_v26_n6_p1007_Martini |
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